The success of U.S. drones in Iraq and Afghanistan has triggered a
global arms race, raising concerns the remotely piloted aircraft could
fall into unfriendly hands, military experts say.
The number of
countries that have acquired or developed drones expanded to more than
75, up from about 40 in 2005, according to the Government Accountability
Office, the investigative arm of Congress. Iran and China are among the
countries that have fielded their own systems.
"People have seen
the successes we've had," said Lt. Gen. Larry James, the Air Force's
deputy chief of staff for intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance.
The
U.S. military has used drones extensively in Afghanistan, primarily to
watch over enemy targets. Armed drones have been used to target
terrorist leaders with missiles that are fired from miles away.
The
United States is years ahead of the world in the technology of drones.
Israel is also a leader in developing the unmanned aircraft.
American
drones are equipped with sophisticated sensors and linked to a global
network that allows their video feeds to be monitored from anywhere.
Armed drones fire the latest in precision guided missiles.
Building an unmanned aircraft is only part of what is needed for a successful drone program.
"Just
because you can build a remotely piloted aircraft doesn't mean you can
put all this together and do something with it," James said.
Analysts
warn that even a less-sophisticated drone can be dangerous. Such drones
can be equipped with chemical or biological weapons or be used to
provide intelligence about the location of American forces.
The
GAO reports it is likely that foreign countries have used drones to spy
on U.S. military activities overseas. The report did not provide
specifics. "Even the less sophisticated technologies can provide useful
tactical battlefield intelligence," said Thomas Melito, a GAO official.
Israeli
aircraft recently shot down an Iranian-made drone launched by Hezbollah
that had penetrated Israeli airspace. Hezbollah is a U.S.-designated
terror group supported by Iran that has fought wars with Israel and
carried out attacks on U.S. personnel.
Pakistan is attempting to
acquire an armed-drone system, apparently with help from China,
according to IHS Jane's, a security research firm.